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View state stores data in encrypted format, but hiddent field does not encrypt data. Because of this view state is secure but hidden field is insecure.
View state can store large amount of data. But hidden field store small amount of data.

12. What is an IL?

Intermediate Language is also known as Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL). All the .Net source code is compiled to IL. IL is machine independent. At the time of installation only it knows in which environment it is going to install. At the point when the s/w is installed or at run time, this IL is converted to machine code by Just in Time (JIT) compiler

13. What is JIT

JIT stands for Just In Time compiler which is an important feature of .net. JIT converts IL to machine code at the time of installation of the software or at runtime.

14. What is Assembly Manifest ?

Assembly metadata is stored in Manifest. Manifest contains the flollowing things.

Version of assembly.
Scope of the assembly
Security information.
References to other assemblies and classes

15. What is the difference between Primary key and unique key?

Primary key does not allow nulls. But unique key allow one null value in the column.
By Default primary key creates clustered index on the column but unique key creates a non clustered index by default.

16. What is the difference between .toString() and Convert.toString()?

.toString() does not handle nulls. But Convert.toString() handle null and return empty but .toString() will throw null reference exception if null value comes. So as a good practice it is better to use Convert.toString()

17. What is meant by page rendering ?

Page rendering is nothing but just converting the .aspx (server) controls to HTML controls for sending it to client browser.

18. What is boxing and unboxing in .net?

Boxing is the process of converting value type to reference type. Unboxing is the process of converting reference type to value type

19. Can we force garbage collector to run ?

Yes. We can do this by System.GC.Collect();

20. How Can I block finally block to be executed after the try block?

Use System.exit (0); at the end of try block. It will make the control to go outside the executing program. And the finally block will not get executed.

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In this blog, I will share some ideas, tutorials, Interview questions and Answers for .net Programmers. There are a lots of articles and Interview questions which I am preparing and is not completed yet. So please view the blog continuously to get all the updates :)

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1. What is state management in ASP.Net
State management means preserving the state of the page, controls, objects, user etc while we are moving from one page to another or a post back happens.

2. Why we need state management in Asp.net
Data is transferred from server to the browser over HTTP. HTTP is a stateless protocol. Stateless means, state of the web page, controls are lost once we post the page from client to the server.It is important to save the state of the controls in a page after the page is post back.

For example I have one 1 text box for entering the "Employee Name" and one submit button for saving the "Employee Name". When click on the submit button, data is posted back to the server and data is processed at the server side. Since HTTP is stateless, it will not keep the value in the text box (Emplyee Name) after the postback. Here, for maintaining the value in the textbox after post back we need to use state management techniques.

3. What are the different types of state management in ASP.Net

There are 2 types of state management techniques

Server Side
Client Side

4. What are the different types of Client side state management in ASP.Net

View State
Hidden Field
Cookies
Control State
Query Strings

5. What are the different types of Server side state management in ASP.Net

Session
Application

6. From the list below, which is the control for which by default post back is enabled.

button
textbox
listbox
gridview

Ans - Button ( By Default button control have post back is enabled )

7. What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of using view state for state management

Advantages

View state is easy to implement. We can easily enable or disable view state at the page level or at the controller level
They are not using any server side resources. It is stored in the client side browser in a hidden field.
View state is secure because it stores the data in encrypted format.
It is good with HTTP data transfer

Disadvantages

View state information cannot transfer across pages automatically.
If the view state information is very large, it may cause the page load/ post back to be slow.
Mobile devices might not have the enough memory capacity to store a large view state data.

8. What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of using Hiddenfield for state management ?

Advantages

Hidden fields are standard HTML controls and it does not require any complex programming logic.
Almost all the browsers supports hidden field.
The hidden field can be stored and read from the page.

Disadvantages

Hidden field value is stored in the page itself and can directly view the content if we view the page source. This is potential security issue.
Hidden field value is stored in the page. Storing big values make the page load/ post back to be slow.
Hidden field stores value in the string format and it does not support rich data types. So we need to use custom logic ( like implement delimited strings) for storing multiple values

9. What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of using Session for state management ?

Advantages

Easy to implement
Accessing the data is fast since it is stored in memory
Complex data types can be stored in session without serialization
When we are using out proc mode, session data can be shared across servers and will not lose the data even the IIS or worker process restarts.

Disadvantages

Since it is stored in the memory, storing large data will impact the performance.
When we are using in proc mode, IIS restart or worker process restart will cause the data to be lost.
Web garden or Web farm cannot use the session state when using In proc mode

10. What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of using Query String for state management ?

Advantages

Easy to use
Supported by almost all the browsers
No extra effort is needed to code

Disadvantages

Since the query string values are appended at the end of url, it is easy to view by the users - Which is a security breach
Most of the browsers specify a maximum limit on the characters in the query string ( In IE, it is 2083 characters)